Chiyambi cha chidziwitso choyambirira cha kondakitala kutchingira wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza wachitsulo

Conductor shielding layer (yomwe imatchedwanso kuti inner shielding layer, innner semi-conductive layer)

Chotchinga chotchinga cha kondakitala ndi chosanjikiza chopanda chitsulo chomwe chimatuluka pa chowongolera chingwe, chomwe chimakhala chofanana ndi kondakitala ndipo chimakhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu ya 100 ~ 1000Ω•m.Equipotential ndi conductor.

Nthawi zambiri, zingwe zotsika mphamvu za 3kV ndi pansi sizikhala ndi kondakitala wotchinga, ndipo zingwe zapakatikati ndi zamphamvu kwambiri za 6kV ndi kupitilira apo ziyenera kukhala ndi chotchinga cha kondakitala.

Ntchito zazikulu za kondakitala zoteteza wosanjikiza: kuthetsa kusamvana kwa kondakitala pamwamba;kuthetsa nsonga zotsatira za kondakitala pamwamba;kuchotsa pores pakati pa conductor ndi kutchinjiriza;kupanga kondakitala ndi kutchinjiriza kukhudzana kwambiri;onjezerani kugawa kwamagetsi kuzungulira kondakitala;kwa chingwe cholumikizira chingwe chotchinga chotchinga, chimakhalanso ndi ntchito yoletsa kukula kwa mitengo yamagetsi ndi kutchingira kutentha.

Insulation layer (yomwe imatchedwanso main insulation)

Kutchinjiriza waukulu wa chingwe ali ndi ntchito yeniyeni ya kupirira dongosolo voteji.Pa moyo utumiki wa chingwe, ayenera kupirira oveteredwa voteji ndi overvoltage pa dongosolo zolephera kwa nthawi yaitali, mphezi zisonkhezero voteji, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe wachibale kapena gawo-ndi-gawo kusweka dera lalifupi kumachitika pansi ntchito Kutentha boma.Choncho, chinthu chachikulu chotchinjiriza ndicho chinsinsi cha khalidwe la chingwe.

Polyethylene yolumikizidwa ndi mtanda ndi chinthu chabwino chotetezera, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Mtundu wake ndi wonyezimira wonyezimira komanso wonyezimira.Makhalidwe ake ndi: kukana kwakukulu kwa kutchinjiriza;amatha kupirira ma frequency apamwamba komanso kugunda kwamagetsi kumunda wamagetsi;otsika dielectric kutaya tangent;khola mankhwala katundu;kukana kutentha kwabwino, kutentha kovomerezeka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa 90 ° C;katundu wabwino wamakina, kukonza kosavuta ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Insulation shielding layer (yomwe imatchedwanso kuti outer shielding layer, outer semi-conductive layer)

Chotchinga chotchinga chotchinga ndi chosanjikiza chopanda chitsulo chotuluka pamtambo waukulu wa chingwe.Zinthu zake ndizinthu zolumikizidwa ndi semi-conductive katundu komanso kuchuluka kwa resistivity ya 500~1000Ω•m.Ndi equipotential ndi chitetezo chapansi.

Nthawi zambiri, zingwe zotsika mphamvu za 3kV ndi pansi sizikhala ndi chotchinga chotchinga, ndipo zingwe zapakatikati ndi zamphamvu kwambiri za 6kV kupita kumtunda ziyenera kukhala zotchingira zotchingira.

Udindo wa kusanjikiza kotchinga kotchinga: kusinthana pakati pa kutchingira kwakukulu kwa chingwe ndi chitetezo chachitsulo chokhazikika, kuti athe kulumikizana kwambiri, kuthetseratu kusiyana pakati pa kutchinjiriza ndi woyendetsa pansi;kuthetsa nsonga zotsatira pamwamba pa grounding mkuwa tepi;onjezerani gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi kuzungulira malo otsekemera.

Kuteteza kwa insulation kumagawidwa kukhala mitundu yovulidwa komanso yosavunda malinga ndi ndondomekoyi.Pazingwe zamagetsi zapakati, mtundu wovula umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 35kV ndi pansi.Chotchinga chabwino chotchinga chotchinga chimakhala ndi zomatira bwino, ndipo palibe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatsalira mukavula.Mtundu wosavula umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 110kV ndi kupitilira apo.Chosanjikiza chotchinga chosasunthika chimaphatikizidwa molimba kwambiri ndi kutsekereza kwakukulu, ndipo zofunikira zomanga ndizokwera.

Metal shielding layer

Chitsulo chotchinga chotchinga chimakutidwa kunja kwa chotchinga chotchinga.Chotchinga chachitsulo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito tepi yamkuwa kapena waya wamkuwa.Ndilo dongosolo lofunikira lomwe limachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi mkati mwa chingwe ndikuteteza chitetezo chaumwini.Ndiwosanjikiza wotchinga pansi womwe umateteza chingwe ku kusokoneza kwamagetsi akunja.

Pamene vuto lapansi kapena laling'ono laling'ono limapezeka m'dongosolo, chitsulo chotchinga chachitsulo ndi njira yochepetsera mpweya wozungulira.Dera lake lopatuka liyenera kuwerengedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi dongosolo laling'ono laling'ono komanso njira yosalowerera ndale.Nthawi zambiri, gawo lagawo lotchinga lotsekera lomwe limawerengedwa pa 10kV system likulimbikitsidwa kuti likhale losachepera 25 millimeters.

M'mizere ya chingwe cha 110kV ndi pamwamba, chotchinga chachitsulo chimapangidwa ndi sheath yachitsulo, yomwe imakhala ndi chitetezo chamagetsi ndi ntchito yosindikiza madzi, komanso imakhala ndi ntchito zoteteza makina.

Zakuthupi ndi kapangidwe ka chitsulo mchimake nthawi zambiri zimatenga malata m'chimake zotayidwa;m'chimake mkuwa;m'chimake cha malata zosapanga dzimbiri;kutsogolera m'chimake, etc. Komanso, pali m'chimake gulu, amene ndi dongosolo limene aluminiyamu zojambulazo Ufumuyo PVC ndi PE m'chimake, amene ankagwiritsa ntchito mu European ndi America mankhwala.

Zida zankhondo

Zosanjikiza zida zachitsulo zimakutidwa mozungulira mkati, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito lamba wazitsulo wazitsulo ziwiri.Ntchito yake ndikuteteza mkati mwa chingwe ndikuletsa mphamvu zakunja zamakina kuti zisawononge chingwe panthawi yomanga ndi ntchito.Ilinso ndi ntchito yachitetezo chapansi.

Zosanjikiza zida zankhondo zimakhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, monga zida zachitsulo, zida zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zida zopanda chitsulo, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazingwe zapadera.