Chifukwa chiyani magwiridwe antchito a zingwe za photovoltaic ndizofunikira?

Chifukwa chiyani magwiridwe antchito a zingwe za photovoltaic ndizofunikira?Zingwe za Photovoltaic nthawi zambiri zimayang'aniridwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo magetsi a dzuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'malo ovuta kwambiri, monga kutentha kwambiri ndi cheza cha ultraviolet.Ku Europe, masiku adzuwa apangitsa kuti kutentha kwapamalo amagetsi adzuwa kufika 100 ° C.

Pakalipano, zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomwe tingagwiritse ntchito zikuphatikizapo PVC, mphira, TPE ndi zipangizo zamakono zolumikizirana, koma mwatsoka, zingwe za rabara zomwe zimayikidwa pa 90 ° C komanso ngakhale zingwe za PVC zomwe zimayikidwa pa 70 ° C nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panja.Pofuna kupulumutsa ndalama, makontrakitala ambiri sasankha zingwe zapadera zamakina amagetsi a dzuwa, koma amasankha zingwe wamba za PVC m'malo mwa zingwe za photovoltaic.Mwachiwonekere, izi zidzakhudza kwambiri moyo wautumiki wa dongosolo.

Makhalidwe a zingwe za photovoltaic amatsimikiziridwa ndi kusungunula kwa chingwe chapadera ndi zipangizo za sheath, zomwe timatcha PE yolumikizana ndi mtanda.Pambuyo poyatsa ndi chowonjezera chamagetsi, mawonekedwe a ma cell a chingwe amatha kusintha, potero amapereka mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana.

Kukaniza katundu wamakina Ndipotu, panthawi yokonza ndi kukonza, zingwe zimatha kuyendetsedwa pamphepete lakuthwa kwa nyumba zapadenga, ndipo zingwezo ziyenera kupirira kupanikizika, kupindika, kugwedezeka, kupanikizika kwapakatikati ndi zotsatira zamphamvu.Ngati chingwe chotchinga sichili cholimba mokwanira, chingwe chotchinjiriza chingwe chidzawonongeka kwambiri, motero zimakhudza moyo wautumiki wa chingwe chonse, kapena kuyambitsa mavuto monga dera lalifupi, moto ndi kuvulala kwaumwini.

Kuchita kwa zingwe za photovoltaic

Mphamvu zamagetsi

DC kukana

Kukana kwa DC kwa conductive pachimake cha chingwe chomalizidwa pa 20 ℃ sikuposa 5.09Ω/km.

Kuyesa kwamagetsi omiza m'madzi

Chingwe chomalizidwa (20m) chimamizidwa m'madzi (20 ± 5) ℃ kwa 1h ndiyeno amayesedwa voteji ya 5min (AC 6.5kV kapena DC 15kV) popanda kusweka.

Kukana kwamagetsi kwanthawi yayitali kwa DC

Chitsanzocho ndi chautali wa 5m ndipo chimayikidwa mu (85 ± 2) ℃ madzi osungunuka omwe ali ndi 3% sodium chloride (NaCl) kwa (240±2) h, malekezero onse akuwonekera pamwamba pa madzi kwa 30cm.Magetsi a DC a 0.9kV amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa pachimake ndi madzi (co conductive core imalumikizidwa ndi mtengo wabwino ndipo madziwo amalumikizidwa ndi pole).Pambuyo potulutsa chitsanzo, kuyesa kwamagetsi omiza m'madzi kumachitika.Mpweya woyesera ndi AC 1kV, ndipo palibe kuwonongeka komwe kumafunikira.

Insulation resistance

Kukaniza kwa chingwe chomalizidwa ku 20 ℃ sikuchepera 1014Ω˙cm, ndipo kukana kwa chingwe chomalizidwa pa 90 ℃ sikuchepera 1011Ω˙cm.

Kukaniza pamwamba pa sheath

Kukana kwapamwamba kwa chingwe chomalizidwa kuyenera kukhala kosachepera 109Ω.

Zina katundu

Kuyesa kwa kutentha kwapamwamba (GB/T 2951.31-2008)

Kutentha (140 ± 3) ℃, nthawi 240min, k = 0.6, kuya kwa indentation sikudutsa 50% ya makulidwe okwana a kutchinjiriza ndi sheath.Ndipo AC6.5kV, 5min voteji kuyesa ikuchitika, ndipo palibe kuwonongeka chofunika.

Mayeso otentha otentha

Zitsanzozo zimayikidwa m'malo omwe kutentha kwa 90 ℃ ndi chinyezi cha 85% kwa 1000h.Pambuyo pa kuzizira mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda, kusintha kwa mphamvu zowonongeka ndi ≤-30% ndipo kusintha kwa kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma ndi ≤-30% poyerekeza ndi mayesero asanakhalepo.

Mayeso a Acid ndi alkali solution resistance (GB/T 2951.21-2008)

Magulu awiri a zitsanzo anali kumizidwa mu oxalic asidi njira ndi ndende ya 45g/L ndi sodium hydroxide njira ndi ndende ya 40g/L, motero, pa kutentha 23 ℃ kwa 168h.Poyerekeza ndi kumiza musanamizidwe mu yankho, kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kunali ≤± 30%, ndipo kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma kunali ≥100%.

Kuyesa kogwirizana

Chingwe chitatha zaka 7 × 24h pa (135 ± 2) ℃, kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu isanayambe komanso itatha ukalamba wotchinjiriza unali ≤± 30%, ndipo kusintha kwa kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma kunali ≤± 30%;kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu musanayambe komanso itatha kukalamba kwa sheath inali ≤-30%, ndipo kusintha kwa kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma kunali ≤± 30%.

Mayeso otsika kutentha (8.5 mu GB/T 2951.14-2008)

Kuzizira kutentha -40 ℃, nthawi 16h, dontho kulemera 1000g, zotsatira chipika misa 200g, dontho kutalika 100mm, palibe ming'alu zooneka padziko.

Mayeso opindika otsika (8.2 mu GB/T 2951.14-2008)

Kuzizira kutentha (-40 ± 2) ℃, nthawi 16h, mayeso ndodo m'mimba mwake 4 ~ 5 nthawi awiri akunja kwa chingwe, 3 ~ 4 kutembenukira, palibe ming'alu zooneka pa m'chimake pamwamba pambuyo mayeso.

Kuyesa kwa ozoni

Kutalika kwa chitsanzo ndi 20cm ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe choyanika kwa 16h.Kutalika kwa ndodo yoyesera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kupindika ndi (2 ± 0.1) nthawi yakunja kwa chingwe.The mayeso chipinda: kutentha (40 ± 2) ℃, chinyezi wachibale (55 ± 5)%, ozoni ndende (200 ± 50) × 10-6%, mpweya otaya: 0.2 ~ 0.5 nthawi mayeso chipinda voliyumu/min.Chitsanzocho chimayikidwa mu chipinda choyesera kwa maola 72.Pambuyo pa kuyesedwa, sikuyenera kukhala ming'alu yowonekera pamwamba pa sheath.

Kukana kwanyengo / kuyesa kwa ultraviolet

Kuzungulira kulikonse: kuthirira kwa mphindi 18, kuyanika kwa xenon kwa mphindi 102, kutentha (65 ± 3) ℃, chinyezi chachibale 65%, mphamvu yocheperako pansi pa kutalika kwa 300 ~ 400nm: (60 ± 2) W/m2.Pambuyo pa maola 720, kuyezetsa kupindika kumachitika kutentha.Kutalika kwa ndodo yoyesera ndi 4 ~ 5 nthawi yakunja kwa chingwe.Pambuyo pa kuyesedwa, sikuyenera kukhala ming'alu yowonekera pamwamba pa sheath.

Mayeso olowera mwamphamvu

Pansi pa kutentha kwa chipinda, kudula liwiro 1N / s, chiwerengero cha mayesero odula: nthawi 4, nthawi iliyonse chitsanzo choyesa chikupitilizidwa, chiyenera kupita patsogolo 25mm ndi kuzungulira 90 ° molunjika musanayambe.Lembani mphamvu yolowera F pamene singano yachitsulo yamasika ikhudza waya wamkuwa, ndipo mtengo wake ndi ≥150˙Dn1/2 N (4mm2 cross section Dn=2.5mm)

Dent resistance

Tengani magawo atatu a zitsanzo, gawo lililonse ndi 25mm motalikirana, ndikupanga 4 ma denti pa 90 ° kasinthasintha, kuya kwa mano ndi 0.05mm ndipo ndi perpendicular kwa conductor yamkuwa.Zigawo za 3 za zitsanzo zimayikidwa mu -15 ℃, kutentha kwa chipinda, ndi +85 ℃ zipinda zoyesera kwa 3h, ndiyeno kuvulala pa mandrel m'zipinda zawo zoyesera.The mandrel awiri ndi (3 ± 0.3) nthawi osachepera awiri akunja kwa chingwe.Pafupifupi notch imodzi yachitsanzo chilichonse ili kunja.Palibe kuwonongeka komwe kumawonedwa panthawi ya kuyesa kwamagetsi kwa AC0.3kV.

Kuyeza kutentha kwa sheath (11 mu GB/T 2951.13-2008)

Chitsanzocho chimadulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa L1 = 300mm, ndikuyikidwa mu uvuni wa 120 ℃ kwa 1h, kenako ndikuchichotsa ndikuzizira kutentha.Bwerezani kuzungulira kotentha ndi kozizira uku kasanu, ndipo pomaliza kuziziritsa mpaka kutentha.Chiwerengero cha kutentha kwachitsanzo chiyenera kukhala ≤2%.

Kuyesa kuyaka kwapakati

Chingwe chomalizidwa chikayikidwa pa (60 ± 2) ℃ kwa 4h, kuyesa koyaka koyima kotchulidwa mu GB/T 18380.12-2008 kumachitika.

Mayeso a Halogen

PH ndi conductivity

Kuyika kwachitsanzo: 16h, kutentha (21 ~ 25) ℃, chinyezi (45 ~ 55)%.Zitsanzo ziwiri, iliyonse (1000 ± 5) mg, yophwanyidwa mpaka tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili pansi pa 0.1mg.Kuthamanga kwa mpweya (0.0157˙D2) l˙h-1±10%, mtunda wa pakati pa bwato loyaka moto ndi m'mphepete mwa malo otenthetsera bwino a ng'anjo ndi ≥300mm, kutentha pa bwato loyaka moto kuyenera kukhala ≥935 ℃, ndi kutentha kwa 300m kutali ndi bwato loyaka (motsatira njira yolowera mpweya) kuyenera kukhala ≥900 ℃.

Mpweya wopangidwa ndi chitsanzo choyesera umasonkhanitsidwa kudzera mu botolo lotsuka gasi lomwe lili ndi 450ml (PH mtengo 6.5 ± 1.0; conductivity ≤0.5μS / mm) madzi osungunuka.Kuzungulira kwa mayeso: 30min.Zofunikira: PH≥4.3;madutsidwe ≤10μS/mm.

Cl ndi Br zili

Kuyika kwachitsanzo: 16h, kutentha (21 ~ 25) ℃, chinyezi (45 ~ 55)%.Zitsanzo ziwiri, iliyonse (500 ~ 1000) mg, yophwanyidwa mpaka 0.1mg.

Kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi (0.0157˙D2)l˙h-1±10%, ndipo chitsanzocho chimatenthedwa mofanana ndi (800±10) ℃ kwa 40min ndikusungidwa kwa 20min.

Mpweya wopangidwa ndi chitsanzo choyesera umalowa mu botolo lochapira mpweya lomwe lili ndi 220ml / chidutswa cha 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution;madzi a mabotolo awiri ochapira gasi amalowetsedwa mu botolo la volumetric, ndipo botolo lotsuka gasi ndi zipangizo zake zimatsukidwa ndi madzi osungunuka ndikulowetsedwa mu botolo la volumetric mpaka 1000ml.Pambuyo pozizira mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda, 200ml ya yankho loyesedwa limadonthozedwa mu botolo la volumetric ndi pipette, 4ml ya ndende ya nitric acid, 20ml ya 0.1M siliva nitrate, ndi 3ml wa nitrobenzene amawonjezeredwa, ndikugwedezeka mpaka zoyera ziyikidwa;40% ammonium sulphate amadzimadzi ndi madontho ochepa a nitric acid solution amawonjezeredwa kuti asakanize kwathunthu, osonkhezeredwa ndi maginito osonkhezera, ndipo ammonium hydrogen sulfide titration solution amawonjezeredwa.

Zofunikira: Avereji ya mayeso a zitsanzo ziwirizi: HCL≤0.5%;HBr≤0.5%;

Mtengo woyeserera wa chitsanzo chilichonse ≤ avareji ya mayeso a zitsanzo ziwirizo ± 10%.

F zomwe zili

Ikani 25-30 mg ya zinthu zachitsanzo mumtsuko wa okosijeni wa 1L, onjezerani madontho 2-3 a alkanol, ndi kuwonjezera 5 ml ya 0.5M sodium hydroxide solution.Lolani chitsanzo chizime, ndipo tsanulirani chotsaliracho mu kapu yoyezera 50 ml mwa kuchapa pang'ono.

Sakanizani 5 ml ya yankho la bafa mu njira yachitsanzo ndikutsuka njira yothetsera chikhomo.Jambulani mapindikira opindika kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa fluorine muyeso lachitsanzo, ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa fluorine mu zitsanzo powerengera.

Zofunika: ≤0.1%.

Makina azinthu za insulation ndi sheath

Musanayambe kukalamba, mphamvu yamagetsi yotchinjiriza ndi ≥6.5N/mm2, elongation pa nthawi yopuma ndi ≥125%, mphamvu ya m'chimake ndi ≥8.0N/mm2, ndi elongation panthawi yopuma ndi ≥125%.

Pambuyo kukalamba pa (150 ± 2) ℃ ndi 7 × 24h, kusintha mlingo wa kumakoka mphamvu ya kutchinjiriza ndi m'chimake pamaso ndi pambuyo ukalamba ndi ≤-30%, ndi kusintha mlingo wa elongation pa yopuma kutchinjiriza ndi m'chimake pamaso ndi pambuyo ukalamba. ndi ≤-30%.

Thermal elongation test

Pansi katundu wa 20N/cm2, pambuyo chitsanzo ndi pansi matenthedwe elongation mayeso pa (200 ± 3) ℃ kwa 15min, apakatikati phindu la elongation wa kutchinjiriza ndi m'chimake sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 100%, ndi apakatikati. kufunikira kwa kuchuluka kwa mtunda pakati pa mizere yolembera pambuyo pochotsa chitsanzo kuchokera mu uvuni ndipo utakhazikika sikuyenera kupitirira 25% ya mtunda usanayikidwe mu uvuni.

Moyo wotentha

Malinga ndi Arrhenius curve ya EN 60216-1 ndi EN60216-2, index ya kutentha ndi 120 ℃.Nthawi 5000h.Kusungirako kutalika kwa nthawi yopuma ya kutchinjiriza ndi sheath: ≥50%.Kenako chitani mayeso opindika kutentha.The awiri a mayeso ndodo ndi awiri awiri akunja awiri a chingwe.Pambuyo pa kuyesedwa, sikuyenera kukhala ming'alu yowonekera pamwamba pa sheath.Moyo wofunikira: zaka 25.

Chonde khalani omasuka kulumikizana nafe kuti mumve zambiri pazingwe za solar.

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